Insight into the standard based on our real world testing experience
Instruction from experts with over 20 years of experience in storage and networking
Fabric Architecture
UALink establishes a high-performance fabric designed specifically for accelerator-to-accelerator communication. Its structured hierarchy of switches, accelerators, nodes, and pods creates a scalable backbone that delivers massive bandwidth with consistently low latency. The basic encoding of PAM4
- Nodes and Pods
- Accelerators and Switches
- Integration into datacenters
- Breakdown of components within a node
UPLI Interface
The UALink Protocol Level Interface defines how devices exchange data and control information through structured Requests and Responses. This section explains how UPLI organizes traffic and manages flow control.
- Originator vs Completer
- UPLI Channels and Beats
- Reads, Writes, and Atomic operations
- UPLI Flow Control
- Full transaction path
Manageability and Security
UALink introduces centralized management through the Pod Controller, which supervises and coordinates up to 1024 accelerators within a single pod. Its security framework, UALinkSec, protects traffic across the fabric and can integrate with platforms that support Confidential Computing.
Transaction Layer
The UALink Transaction Layer is responsible for transforming UPLI beats into 64-byte TL Flits and reconstructing them on the receive side. It also manages flow control and uses address caching to reduce overhead and improve efficiency across the fabric.
- 64-byte TL Flit
- Address Caching
- Efficiency Examples
- Flow Control
Data Link
The Data Link Layer aggregates 64-byte TL Flits into 640-byte DL Flits for transport across the physical layer. It also provides a lightweight messaging service between link partners, enabling UART-style communication, pacing, and replay mechanisms for reliable delivery.
- 640-byte DL Flit
- DL Message Service
- Flit Packing
- Link Level Replay
Physical Layer
The UALink Physical Layer builds on the 802.3 Ethernet PHY, supporting 1, 2, or 4 lanes at 212.5Gbps while adapting the encoding and FEC structures to align with UALink’s 640-byte DL Flit format. This section highlights the PHY-level changes that enable low-latency, high-reliability operation.
- RS and PCS Changes
- Low-Latency FEC Interleave
Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS)
This section explores how UALink’s RAS framework detects faults, isolates failing components, and restores normal operation across accelerators and switches.